| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Target | |
| Alternative names | Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1;PD-L1;PDCD1 ligand 1;Programmed death ligand 1;B7 homolog 1;B7-H1;CD274;Cd274;B7h1, Pdcd1l1, Pdcd1lg1, Pdl1; |
| Gene ID | |
| UniProt # | |
| Reactivity | |
| Applications | |
| Immunogen | Expression system for standard: NS0; Immunogen sequence: F19-H239 |
| Expression system | |
| Expression region | |
| Assay type | |
| Sample type(s) | Cell Culture Supernatant, Cell Lysate, Serum, Plasma |
| Sensitivity | |
| Detection range | |
| Assay time | |
| Storage | |
| Catalog no. (Mfr.) | |
| Main SKU |
Assay Principle
This sandwich ELISA quantifies mouse programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (gene Cd274) in cell culture supernatants, cell lysates, serum and plasma (heparin, EDTA). Strips are pre-coated with a capture antibody. After the sample is added, a biotinylated detection antibody binds the captured protein, and an avidin–biotin–peroxidase complex supplies the enzyme. TMB develops color in proportion to the bound target; the reaction is stopped and read at 450 nm, and concentrations are read from the standard curve.
PD-L1 (CD274) is a transmembrane ligand that binds the inhibitory receptor PD-1 on T cells and limits their activation, helping maintain tolerance to self. Many tumors upregulate PD-L1 to escape immune attack, which made the PD-1/PD-L1 axis a cornerstone of immune checkpoint research.
Kit Components
| Anti-Mouse Cd274 Pre-coated 96-well strip microplate | 1 plate (96 wells) |
|---|---|
| Mouse Cd274 Standard | 2 vials, 10 ng/tube |
| Mouse Cd274 Biotinylated antibody (100x) | 100 µL |
| Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (100x) | 100 µL |
| Sample Diluent | 30 mL |
| Antibody Diluent | 12 mL |
| Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Diluent | 12 mL |
| Color Developing Reagent (TMB) | 10 mL |
| Stop Solution | 10 mL |
| Wash Buffer (25x) | 20 mL |
| Adhesive plate sealers | 4 |
Also required (not supplied): microplate reader for 450 nm; incubator; automated plate washer (optional); precision pipettes for 0.5 µL through 1 mL volumes of aqueous solutions; multichannel pipettes (recommended for many samples); deionized or distilled water; 500 mL graduated cylinders; test tubes for dilution.
Kit components are not sold separately.
Performance Data
| Species | Mouse |
|---|---|
| Sample types | Cell culture supernatants, cell lysates, serum and plasma (heparin, EDTA) |
| Assay range | 31.2 pg/mL–2,000 pg/mL |
| Sensitivity | <10 pg/mL |
| Standard | Recombinant mouse Cd274 (Phe19–His239), expressed in NS0 |
| Cross-reactivity | None detected against related proteins in supplier testing |
| Intra-assay CV | 5.6–7.7% (3 samples, n = 16 each) |
| Inter-assay CV | 5.9–9.6% (3 samples, n = 24 each) |
| Format | 96 wells, removable strips |
Sample dilution: start at 1:1. In the supplier’s tests, serum and plasma samples measured below the lowest standard.
Example standard curve (OD450, pg/mL): 0 = 0.056; 31.2 = 0.099; 62.5 = 0.136; 125 = 0.201; 250 = 0.348; 500 = 0.6254; 1000 = 1.135; 2000 = 1.946. Run a new standard curve on every plate.
Storage & Handling
Store at 4 °C for up to 6 months or −20 °C for up to 12 months. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles. Ships on gel ice and tolerates up to 3 days at room temperature; freeze on arrival.
Safety
Sample data
| Concentration (pg/ml) | 0 | 31.2 | 62.5 | 125 | 250 | 500 | 1000 | 2000 |
| O.D. | 0.056 | 0.099 | 0.136 | 0.201 | 0.348 | 0.6254 | 1.135 | 1.946 |
Intra/inter assay consistency
| Intra-Assay Precision | Inter-Assay Precision | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| n | 16 | 16 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Mean (pg/ml) | 76 | 283 | 883 | 72 | 304 | 877 |
| Standard deviation | 5.96 | 21.79 | 49.44 | 5.04 | 29.18 | 51.74 |
| CV (%) | 6.8% | 7.7% | 5.6% | 7% | 9.6% | 5.9% |
Kit components
Description|Quantity Pre-coated 96-well strip microplate|1 Standard|2 vials Biotinylated antibody (100x)|100ul Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (100x)|100ul Sample Diluent|30ml Antibody Diluent|12ml Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Diluent|12ml Color Developing Reagent (TMB)|10ml Stop Solution|10ml Wash Buffer (25x)|20ml Adhesive plate sealers|4Materials required but not provided
- Microplate Reader capable of reading absorbance at 450nm.
- Incubator.
- Automated plate washer (optional).
- Pipettes and pipette tips capable of precisely dispensing 0.5 µl through 1 ml volumes of aqueous solutions.
- Multichannel pipettes are recommended for large amount of samples.
- Deionized or distilled water.
- 500ml graduated cylinders.
- Test tubes for dilution.
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Xue-Feng Bai et al. (2022) Homotypic Targeted Photosensitive Nanointerferer for Tumor Cell Cycle Arrest to Boost Tumor Photoimmunotherapy. ACS Nano. 10.1021/acsnano.2c06871
Junli Zhao et al. (2023) PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint pathway regulates hippocampal neuronal excitability and learning and memory behavior. Neuron. 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.05.022
Yaxin Wang et al. (2025) Glycyrrhizic acid-loaded biomimetic hybrid liposomes targeting inflammatory cascades and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to reverse neuroinflammation-driven cognitive decline. Materials Today Bio. 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102657
Kraman Matthew et al. (2020) FS118, a Bispecific Antibody Targeting LAG-3 and PD-L1, Enhances T-Cell Activation Resulting in Potent Antitumor Activity. Clinical Cancer Research. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-3548
Yadi Fan et al. (2024) Mild near-infrared laser-triggered photo-immunotherapy potentiates immune checkpoint blockade via an all-in-one theranostic nanoplatform. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.09.020
