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The MS1 cell line retains many properties characteristic of endothelial cells, including the uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (acLDL) and the expression of Factor VIII-related antigen and VEGF receptor. These features make MS1 cells particularly valuable for studying endothelial cell functions and their role in vascular biology. The uptake of acLDL is a key function of endothelial cells, involved in lipid metabolism and atherogenesis, while the expression of Factor VIII-related antigen is indicative of their endothelial origin and involvement in coagulation processes. The presence of VEGF receptors further highlights their utility in angiogenesis research, as these receptors play a critical role in mediating the effects of VEGF in promoting blood vessel formation and maintenance.
Moreover, the MS1 cell line expresses high levels of the tissue inhibitor of bioreactive matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs), which regulates the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This expression pattern makes the behavior of MS1 cells resemble that of normal macrophages from some commonly used strains of mice. TIMPs are crucial in maintaining extracellular matrix homeostasis by inhibiting MMPs, which are involved in tissue remodeling and degradation. This unique characteristic of MS1 cells provides a dual model for studying both endothelial and macrophage-like behaviors, offering a broader understanding of vascular biology, tissue repair, and inflammatory responses. As such, the MS1 cell line is an invaluable tool for researchers investigating the intricate interactions between endothelial cells, macrophages, and their microenvironment.
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- cultureMedium: DMEM, w: 4.5 g/L Glucose, w: 4 mM L-Glutamine, w: 3.7 g/L NaHCO3, w: 1.0 mM Sodium pyruvate (Cytion article number 820300a)
- supplements: Supplement the medium with 10% FBS
- dissociationReagent: Accutase
- subculturing: Remove the old medium from the adherent cells and wash them with PBS that lacks calcium and magnesium. For T25 flasks, use 3-5 ml of PBS, and for T75 flasks, use 5-10 ml. Then, cover the cells completely with Accutase, using 1-2 ml for T25 flasks and 2.5 ml for T75 flasks. Let the cells incubate at room temperature for 8-10 minutes to detach them. After incubation, gently mix the cells with 10 ml of medium to resuspend them, then centrifuge at 300xg for 3 minutes. Discard the supernatant, resuspend the cells in fresh medium, and transfer them into new flasks that already contain fresh medium.
- fluidRenewal: 2 to 3 times per week
- freezeMedium: As a cryopreservation medium, use complete growth medium (including FBS) + 10% DMSO for adequate post-thaw viability, or CM-1 (Cytion catalog number 800100), which includes optimized osmoprotectants and metabolic stabilizers to enhance recovery and reduce cryo-induced stress.
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