| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Mfr No | |
| Clonality | |
| Host | |
| Immunogen | E.coli-derived human MX1 recombinant protein (Position: E315G-662) was used as the immunogen for the MX1 antibody. |
| Isotype | |
| Product Type | |
| Purity | |
| Reactivity | |
| Storage | |
| Target | |
| UniProt # |
Overview
MX1 Antibody / MxA / Myxovirus resistance protein 1 is a anti-MX1 Rabbit antibody Polyclonal (rabbit origin) supplied in Lyophilized format. Recommended for workflows such as Western blot (WB), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Flow cytometry (FACS), ELISA with listed reactivity in Human, Mouse, Rat. Reported localization: Cytoplasm, nucleus.
Key elements and design rationale
- Target: MX1
- Antibody details: Rabbit, Polyclonal (rabbit origin), isotype Rabbit IgG
- Format: Lyophilized
- Applications (as listed): WB, ICC/IF, FACS, ELISA
Biological background
Functionally, MX1 antibody identifies a 662-amino-acid cytoplasmic GTPase that self-assembles into oligomeric rings and tubular structures upon activation. MX1 binds and traps viral nucleocapsids and replication complexes, blocking viral genome transcription and replication. Its antiviral spectrum includes orthomyxoviruses (such as influenza A), paramyxoviruses, bunyaviruses, and other RNA viruses, as well as certain DNA viruses. MX1 activity is GTP-dependent and requires oligomerization for full antiviral efficacy.
The MX1 gene is located on chromosome 21q22.3 and is transcriptionally induced by type I interferons (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and type III interferons (IFN-lambda). MX1 localizes to the cytoplasm and associates with intracellular membranes where viral replication occurs. Upon interferon stimulation, MX1 accumulates rapidly and remains active for several hours, providing a robust first-line defense during viral infection. Its antiviral mechanism includes sequestering viral nucleoproteins, blocking uncoating, and preventing the assembly of viral polymerase complexes.
In immunology, MX1 serves as a molecular signature of interferon pathway activation and is frequently used as a biomarker for assessing antiviral or autoimmune responses. Elevated MX1 expression is characteristic of viral infections, systemic lupus erythematosus, and interferonopathies. In contrast, genetic polymorphisms affecting MX1 activity can reduce viral resistance and modulate disease susceptibility. MX1 also contributes to innate immunity in epithelial barriers, liver, and lung tissues, providing localized protection against viral entry and replication.
MX1 antibody is widely used in virology, immunology, and interferon signaling research. It is suitable for western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry to detect MX1 expression following viral infection or interferon treatment. This antibody enables monitoring of innate immune activation and evaluation of interferon pathway modulators. In pathology, MX1 staining is used to confirm interferon signature activation in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Structurally, MX1 belongs to the dynamin superfamily of large GTPases, with conserved GTP-binding, stalk, and oligomerization domains. The protein hydrolyzes GTP to induce conformational changes required for viral entrapment.
Research relevance and current trends
- Connecting protein-level changes to phenotype using orthogonal readouts (genetic perturbation, transcriptomics, imaging).
- Considering isoforms and post-translational regulation when interpreting protein-level changes.
- Comparing results across species and model systems with matched controls.
Common research applications
- Western blotting: compare relative abundance and activation-state changes across conditions.
- Immunofluorescence: visualize subcellular distribution and cell-to-cell heterogeneity.
- Flow cytometry: quantify target-positive populations and signal shifts at single-cell resolution.
- ELISA: support antibody-based quantification in assay formats where applicable.
Interpret changes in signal alongside appropriate controls and, when relevant, in parallel with total-protein or pathway readouts.
Notes for experimental interpretation
- Signal can reflect expression level, isoform composition, and post-translational state; interpret results in the context of your model system and stimuli.
- Species differences and sample matrices can influence epitope recognition; prioritize matched controls and orthogonal confirmation when feasible.
Antibody notes: Polyclonal antibodies recognize multiple epitopes, which can broaden the epitope footprint and may increase sensitivity in some contexts.
Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.
