| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Alternative names | Idronoxil; Dehydroequol; Haginin E |
| CAS no. | |
| Applications | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Molecular formula | C15H12O3 |
| Purity | |
| SMILES | |
| Form | Solid |
| Storage | |
| Shipping | |
| Catalog no. (Mfr.) | |
| Main SKU |
Compound Overview
Phenoxodiol, also known as Idronoxil, Dehydroequol, or Haginin E, is a synthetic analog of Genestein that activates the mitochondrial caspase system, inhibits XIAP (an apoptosis inhibitor), and sensitizes cancer cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis. It also inhibits DNA topoisomerase II by stabilizing the cleavable complex, and it induces cell cycle arrest in the G1/S phase while upregulating p21 WAF1 in a p53-independent manner[1][2]. It is supplied as an off-white to brown solid (C15H12O3, MW 240.25) at 99.89% purity.
Physical & Chemical Properties
| CAS Number | 81267-65-4 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C15H12O3 |
| Molecular Weight | 240.25 g/mol |
| Purity | 99.89% |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Color | Off-white to brown |
| SMILES | OC1=CC=C2C=C(C3=CC=C(O)C=C3)COC2=C1 |
| Signaling Pathway | Apoptosis; Cell Cycle/DNA Damage |
| Solubility | In Vitro: DMSO: ≥ 100 mg/mL (416.23 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO) * "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown. |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C, 3 years; 4°C, 2 years. In solvent: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. |
| Shipping | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
Literature Cited
Sources cited in this description and in the In Vitro & In Vivo Data tab. Peer-reviewed publications that used this product are listed under References.
Safety
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, and not for human or veterinary use. Handle in accordance with the Safety Data Sheet and your institution's chemical hygiene plan.
In Vitro
| Solvent | Solubility | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| DMSO | ≥ 100 mg/mL (416.23 mM) | use freshly opened DMSO (absorbed moisture lowers solubility) |
Aliquot the stock solution and store it at -80°C (up to 6 months) or -20°C (up to 1 month); avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
In Vivo
Choose the formulation that suits the animal model and route of administration; percentages are volume ratios of the final working solution. Start from a clear DMSO stock (see In Vitro above), add the co-solvents one at a time in the order listed, mixing after each addition, and prepare the working solution fresh on the day of dosing. If precipitation or phase separation occurs, gentle warming or sonication can help.
Protocol 1
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% saline |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.41 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300; then 50 μL Tween-80; then 450 μL saline to bring the volume to 1 mL. Saline: dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH2O and make up to 100 mL. |
Protocol 2
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline) |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.41 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in saline. 20% SBE-β-CD in saline: dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD powder in 10 mL saline until clear (4°C, store up to one week). |
Protocol 3
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.41 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). Use with caution if continuous dosing will exceed two weeks. For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL corn oil. |
Data provided by the manufacturer.
In Vitro
Phenoxodiol (Idronoxil) (0-10 μg/mL; 24 h) lowers the viability of primary ovarian cancer cells[1]. In ovarian cancer cells, Phenoxodiol (0-10 μg/mL; 24 h) triggers apoptosis and restores sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis[1]. Through the Akt pathway, Phenoxodiol (0-10 μg/mL; 24 h) induces caspase-8 activation and FLIP downregulation. The apoptosis induced by Phenoxodiol involves activation of the mitochondrial pathway and depends on caspases. Downregulation and cleavage of XIAP follow Phenoxodiol treatment[1]. Phenoxodiol (10 and 30 μM; 24 and 48 h) causes G1/S phase cell cycle arrest in prostate cancer cells[2].
Cell Viability Assay[1]
| Cell Line | R182s, R127, Hey, CP70, A2780, R187, R188, R207 and OSE cells |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μg/mL |
| Incubation Time | 24 h |
| Result | A significant decrease in cell viabilityin all the ovarian cancer cell cultures was observed at a concentration of 10 μg/mL (41.6 μM) and did not affect ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells’ viability. In CP70 cells, the IC50 was 1.35 μM. |
Apoptosis Analysis[1]
| Cell Line | CP70 and OSE cells |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 10 μg/mL |
| Incubation Time | 24 h |
| Result | Induced apoptosis and resulted in a twofold increase in caspase-3 activity. No change in caspase-3 activity was found in normal OSE cells. |
Western Blot Analysis[1]
| Cell Line | Ovarian cancer cells |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 10 μg/mL |
| Incubation Time | 24 h |
| Result | Induced caspase-8 activation, characterized bycleavage of procaspase-8 into its p43/41 and p28 forms and in downregulation of the p43 form of FLIPC in all the primarycultures as well as in the CP70 and Hey cell lines. Decreased the levels of Akt expression. Resulted in XIAP downregulation and cleavage to its 30 kDa inactive form. |
Cell Cycle Analysis[2]
| Cell Line | LNCaP, DU145 and PC3 cells |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 10 and 30 μM |
| Incubation Time | 24 and 48 h |
| Result | Induced significantly decreased G2 phase cell populations versus DMSO vehicle control, over 24 hours for both 10 μM and 30 μM treatments. The S phase cell population was found to increase versus DMSO vehicle control. |
RT-PCR[2]
| Cell Line | LNCaP, DU145 and PC3 cells |
|---|---|
| Concentration | 10 and 30 μM |
| Incubation Time | 24 and 48 h |
| Result | PC3 cells were found to significantly increase the expression of c-Myc at 30 μM after 48 h. Decreased the expression of Cyclin-D1 after 24 hours of treatment with 30 μM in DU145 and PC3 cells. Decreased the expression of Ki-67 after 24 hours of treatment with 10 and 30 μM in LNCaP and PC3 cells. Increased the expression of p21 in LNCaP and PC3 cells. |
Data provided by the manufacturer. Numbered citations refer to the Literature Cited list in the product description.
Need this compound in a format that drops straight into your assay? We can tailor formulation, chemistry, and documentation so your results stay consistent across runs and re-orders.
- Format options: solid or pre-dissolved solution (choose solvent), target concentration, aliquots, light/moisture-protected packaging
- Chemistry options: free base/acid vs salt forms, hydrate/solvate preference, stereoisomer control (single enantiomer or racemate), close analogs
- Add-on labels & handles: D/¹³C/¹⁵N isotopes (LC-MS/internal standards), azide/alkyne or other functional handles for conjugation
- QC & documentation: standard COA or enhanced analytical pack (HPLC/LC-MS/NMR), chiral purity, residual solvents, water content (KF), method-specific specs
- Scale & continuity: mg to gram scale, bulk pricing, lot reservation, repeat-order continuity
To quote quickly, tell us: compound name + CAS/structure (SMILES or mol file), intended assay context, solvent preference, salt/stereochemistry requirements, purity/QC level, and the amount (mg–g).
Can’t find the compound you’re looking for?
Send the CAS or structure and your specs. We can help source it, suggest close equivalents, or discuss custom synthesis with the right QC documentation (RUO).
Ecto-NOX Disulfide-Thiol Exchanger 2 (ENOX2/tNOX) Is a Potential Prognostic Marker in Primary Malignant Melanoma and May Serve as a Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2024 Nov 4;25(21):11853. PMID: 39519404
Dihydroceramide Desaturase Functions as an Inducer and Rectifier of Apoptosis: Effect of Retinol Derivatives, Antioxidants and Phenolic Compounds. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021 Sep;79(3):461-475. PMID: 33991313
bioRxiv. 2025 Jan 03.
