Phospho-RAF1 (S301) Antibody

What it means: Polyclonal — this antibody was generated from pooled antiserum from immunized animals, recognizing multiple epitopes across the target protein.

Why it matters:

• Polyclonal antibodies offer broader epitope coverage and stronger signal sensitivity in complex matrices such as tissue lysates.
• Use polyclonals when sensitivity is critical or the target protein has low abundance.

How to interpret here: As a Polyclonal antibody, this reagent is recommended for sensitive detection across diverse sample types where broad epitope recognition is advantageous.

What it means: This antibody was raised in a Rabbit host by immunization with the antigen of interest.

Why it matters:

• Host species determines secondary antibody selection — a Rabbit-raised primary requires an anti-Rabbit secondary for detection.
• In multiplex experiments, using primaries from different host species allows simultaneous dual staining without cross-detection.

How to interpret here: Pair with an anti-Rabbit secondary antibody conjugated to HRP, biotin, or a fluorophore appropriate for your detection platform.

What it means: This antibody belongs to the IgG immunoglobulin class — the predominant class used in most research applications due to its stability and compatibility with standard detection systems.

Why it matters:

• Isotype determines Fc receptor binding, purification strategy (Protein A/G compatibility), and secondary antibody selection.
• IgG subclasses (IgG1, IgG2a/b) behave differently in Fc-mediated functional assays and immunoprecipitation workflows.

How to interpret here: IgG is compatible with standard Protein A/G affinity purification and the majority of commercially available anti-IgG secondary antibodies.

What it means: This antibody carries a Non-conjugated label enabling direct detection without a secondary antibody.

Why it matters:

• Direct conjugates eliminate the secondary incubation step, reducing total assay time and potential non-specific background.
• Ideal for multiplex protocols where species-independent detection is required.

How to interpret here: Detect directly using the instrument or reader compatible with Non-conjugated chemistry.

What it means: This antibody has been confirmed to perform in Western Blot, ELISA, indicating reliable detection under those assay formats.

Why it matters:

• Application-specific validation verifies that the antibody recognizes the target under the distinct conditions of each technique — denatured protein in WB versus fixed/native tissue in IHC and IF.
• Using an antibody outside its validated applications may require empirical optimization and cannot be guaranteed without additional testing.

How to interpret here: Begin with the recommended dilution ranges for your validated application and titrate against a positive control sample to confirm optimal signal-to-noise ratio.

What it means: This antibody was purified by Affinity Purification, enriching the immunoglobulin fraction and removing non-specific serum proteins.

Why it matters:

• Affinity Purification typically yields >95% IgG purity, minimizing background from albumin and other serum components that can reduce signal quality.
• High-purity preparations are especially important for quantitative assays (ELISA, flow cytometry) and sensitive imaging applications (IF, IHC).

How to interpret here: Affinity Purification ensures consistent specific activity across lots, supporting reproducible results in downstream assays.