| Field | Specification |
|---|---|
| Alternative names | IV-2 |
| CAS no. | |
| Applications | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Molecular formula | C7H12N2S2 |
| Purity | |
| SMILES | |
| Form | Solid |
| Storage | |
| Shipping | |
| Catalog no. (Mfr.) | |
| Main SKU |
Compound Overview
PX-12, also known as IV-2, is an irreversible inhibitor of thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) that inhibits the growth of MCF-7 and HT-29 cells, with IC50 values of 1.9 μM and 2.9 μM, respectively. It is supplied as a white to light yellow solid (C7H12N2S2, MW 188.31) at 99.96% purity.
Physical & Chemical Properties
| CAS Number | 141400-58-0 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C7H12N2S2 |
| Molecular Weight | 188.31 g/mol |
| Purity | 99.96% |
| Appearance | Solid |
| Color | White to light yellow |
| SMILES | CC(CC)SSC1=NC=CN1 |
| Signaling Pathway | Apoptosis |
| Solubility | In Vitro: Ethanol: 50 mg/mL (265.52 mM; Requires sonication) DMSO: ≥ 44.7 mg/mL (237.37 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO) * "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown. |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C, 3 years; 4°C, 2 years. In solvent: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. |
| Shipping | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere. |
Biological Activity
IC50 & Target
IC50: 1.9 (MCF-7), 2.9 μM (HT-29 cells)[1]
Literature Cited
Sources cited in this description and in the In Vitro & In Vivo Data tab. Peer-reviewed publications that used this product are listed under References.
Safety
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, and not for human or veterinary use. Handle in accordance with the Safety Data Sheet and your institution's chemical hygiene plan.
In Vitro
| Solvent | Solubility | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Ethanol | 50 mg/mL (265.52 mM) | requires sonication |
| DMSO | ≥ 44.7 mg/mL (237.37 mM) | use freshly opened DMSO (absorbed moisture lowers solubility) |
Aliquot the stock solution and store it at -80°C (up to 2 years) or -20°C (up to 1 year); avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
In Vivo
Choose the formulation that suits the animal model and route of administration; percentages are volume ratios of the final working solution. Start from a clear DMSO stock (see In Vitro above), add the co-solvents one at a time in the order listed, mixing after each addition, and prepare the working solution fresh on the day of dosing. If precipitation or phase separation occurs, gentle warming or sonication can help.
Protocol 1
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline) |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.28 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in saline. 20% SBE-β-CD in saline: dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD powder in 10 mL saline until clear (4°C, store up to one week). |
Protocol 2
| Composition | 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.28 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). Use with caution if continuous dosing will exceed two weeks. For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL DMSO stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL corn oil. |
Protocol 3
| Composition | 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% saline |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.28 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL EtOH stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300; then 50 μL Tween-80; then 450 μL saline to bring the volume to 1 mL. Saline: dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH2O and make up to 100 mL. |
Protocol 4
| Composition | 10% EtOH + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline) |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.28 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL EtOH stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in saline. 20% SBE-β-CD in saline: dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD powder in 10 mL saline until clear (4°C, store up to one week). |
Protocol 5
| Composition | 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil |
|---|---|
| Result | ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.28 mM); clear solution |
| How to prepare | Gives a clear solution at ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation not determined). Use with caution if continuous dosing will exceed two weeks. For 1 mL of working solution: add 100 μL EtOH stock (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL corn oil. |
Data provided by the manufacturer.
In Vitro
Growth of MCF-7 and HT-29 cells is inhibited by PX-12, with IC50 values of 1.9 and 2.9 μM, respectively[1]. In particular, PX-12 lowers Trx-1 activity by thio-alkylating a critical cysteine residue (Cys73) that lies outside the conserved redox catalytic site of Trx-1. The oxidation state of thiols in a number of cell surface proteins is altered by PX-12. Among the affected key surface receptors for platelet adhesion and activation are GPVI, the collagen receptor, and GPIb, the receptor for von Willebrand factor. Under flow conditions in whole blood, PX-12 inhibits thrombus formation over Type I collagen[2]. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) is a cellular redox protein that inhibits apoptosis, promotes tumor growth, and up-regulates vascular endothelial growth factor as well as hypoxia-inducible factor-1α[3]. In colorectal cancer DLD-1 and SW620 cells, growth is inhibited by PX-12 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cell colony formation is reduced by PX-12, and a G2/M phase arrest of the cell cycle is induced. Apoptosis is induced by PX-12 treatment. Migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells are inhibited by PX-12. In cancer cells treated with PX-12, NOX1, CDH17 and S100A4 mRNA expression falls, while KLF17 mRNA expression rises. In colorectal cancer cells, S100A4 protein expression is decreased by PX-12[4].
In Vivo
In SCID mice, PX-12 has shown antitumor activity in vivo against human tumor xenografts such as HT-29 colon cancer, and it has also undergone testing in patients in a phase I clinical trial[3].
Data provided by the manufacturer. Numbered citations refer to the Literature Cited list in the product description.
Need this compound in a format that drops straight into your assay? We can tailor formulation, chemistry, and documentation so your results stay consistent across runs and re-orders.
- Format options: solid or pre-dissolved solution (choose solvent), target concentration, aliquots, light/moisture-protected packaging
- Chemistry options: free base/acid vs salt forms, hydrate/solvate preference, stereoisomer control (single enantiomer or racemate), close analogs
- Add-on labels & handles: D/¹³C/¹⁵N isotopes (LC-MS/internal standards), azide/alkyne or other functional handles for conjugation
- QC & documentation: standard COA or enhanced analytical pack (HPLC/LC-MS/NMR), chiral purity, residual solvents, water content (KF), method-specific specs
- Scale & continuity: mg to gram scale, bulk pricing, lot reservation, repeat-order continuity
To quote quickly, tell us: compound name + CAS/structure (SMILES or mol file), intended assay context, solvent preference, salt/stereochemistry requirements, purity/QC level, and the amount (mg–g).
Can’t find the compound you’re looking for?
Send the CAS or structure and your specs. We can help source it, suggest close equivalents, or discuss custom synthesis with the right QC documentation (RUO).
Immunometabolic reprogramming of macrophages by gut microbiota-derived cadaverine controls colon inflammation. Cell Host Microbe 2025 Sep 30:S1931-3128(25)00375-0. PMID: 41033313
Targeting ALDH16A1 mediated thioredoxin lysosomal degradation to enhance ferroptosis susceptibility in SMARCA4-deficient NSCLC. Nat Commun 2025 Sep 2;16(1):8181. PMID: 40897711
Machine Learning-Assisted Recognition of Environmental Sulfur-Containing Chemicals in Nontargeted Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Inadequate Mass Resolution. ACS Environ Au 2025 Aug 5;5(6):573-582. PMID: 41277996
Nano Acacetin Mitigates Intestinal Mucosal Injury in Sepsis Rats by Protecting Mitochondrial Function and Regulating TRX1 to Inhibit the NLRP3 Pyroptosis Pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2024 Dec 31:19:14125-14141. PMID: 39759963
Hydrogen alleviates impaired lung epithelial barrier in acute respiratory distress syndrome via inhibiting Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission through the Trx1 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2024 Jun:218:132-148. PMID: 38554812
Diallyl trisulfide sensitizes radiation therapy on glioblastoma through directly targeting thioredoxin 1. Free Radic Biol Med 2022 Jul 31;189:157-168. PMID: 35921994
Inhibition of Nrf2 degradation alleviates age-related osteoporosis induced by 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D deficiency. Free Radic Biol Med 2022 Jan:178:246-261. PMID: 34890768
Exposome-Scale Investigation of Cl-/Br-Containing Chemicals Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Multistage Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing. Anal Chem 2025 Jun 3;97(21):11099-11109. PMID: 40401576
Hydrogen Attenuates Endotoxin-Induced Lung Injury by Activating Thioredoxin 1 and Decreasing Tissue Factor Expression. Front Immunol 2021 Mar 9:12:625957. PMID: 33767697
Low-dose arsenite causes overexpression of EGF, TGFα, and HSP90 through Trx1-TXNIP-NLRP3 axis mediated signaling pathways in the human bladder epithelial cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022 Dec 1:247:114263. PMID: 36343453
