Ready-to-Load DPPC Liposomes with Ammonium Tartrate

What it means: 300 mM ammonium tartrate — the ammonium salt gradient used to load drugs into the liposomes.

Why it matters:

• The uncharged form of an amine drug crosses the bilayer, becomes protonated inside and is trapped.
• Remote loading usually reaches higher encapsulation than passive loading.
• The loading step is a simple incubation of drug and liposomes.
• The drug-to-lipid ratio decides how much drug can be loaded.
• Removing free drug after loading gives a clean liposome preparation.
• Loading capacity depends on the drug, so a test load at several drug-to-lipid ratios is useful.
• Incubation temperature and time affect how completely the drug loads.

For this product: The liposomes carry 300 mM ammonium tartrate inside, which drives loading of amine-containing drugs in 3 hours at 48°C.

Tip: Remove unloaded drug after loading, for example with spin columns for liposome purification.

What it means: DPPC : cholesterol = 1.9 : 1 — the lipids that form the bilayer.

Why it matters:

• Lipid composition affects membrane rigidity, stability and drug release.
• PEGylated lipids add a polymer layer that changes how liposomes interact with proteins and cells.
• Cholesterol makes the bilayer more stable and less leaky.
• Matching composition to your study makes results easier to compare with published work.
• Stating the composition makes your methods easy to report and repeat.
• The phase transition temperature of the main lipid affects how the bilayer behaves at assay temperature.
• Changing composition between experiments can change results even with the same cargo.

For this product: The bilayer is DPPC : cholesterol = 1.9 : 1 (w/w).

Tip: Compare PEGylated and non-PEGylated versions when PEG coating matters for your study.

What it means: About 80 nm — the average diameter of the liposomes.

Why it matters:

• Liposome size affects how liposomes move through tissues and how they are taken up by cells.
• Size also affects how fast encapsulated material is released.
• A narrow size range makes results more reproducible.
• Knowing the size helps you choose filters or columns for purification.
• Stating the size makes your methods easy to report and repeat.
• Size can be checked by dynamic light scattering before use.
• Comparing size before and after an experiment shows whether liposomes stayed intact.
• Particle size also influences how liposomes scatter light in optical measurements.

For this product: The liposomes average about 80 nm (PDI 0.1).

Tip: Measure size again after drug loading if size matters for your study.

What it means: Cold, Not Frozen — how the product is shipped.

Why it matters:

• The shipping condition tells you what to expect when the package arrives.
• Unpacking promptly lets you check the contents against the order.
• Checking the package on arrival helps you spot transport problems early.
• Storage conditions can differ from shipping conditions, so confirm them before the package arrives.
• Recording the arrival date and condition helps if questions come up later.
• Arranging for someone to receive the package avoids delays when it arrives.
• The shipping condition is chosen to keep the product as described during transport.

For this product: Ships cold, not frozen. Storage: Store at 2–8°C. Do not freeze.

Tip: Do not freeze liposomes; check the package on arrival and contact us right away if anything is damaged or missing.