TNF alpha Antibody

Overview

TNF alpha Antibody is an antibody targeting ALPHA, raised in Rabbit for protein detection and localization studies where these specifications are required.

Key elements and design rationale

• Target: ALPHA (reported localization: Cell membrane, secreted).
• Antibody identity: Polyclonal (rabbit origin); Rabbit IgG.
• Conjugate/label: Unconjugated (affects detection chemistry and multiplex compatibility).
• Format: Purified.
• Species reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat.
• Listed applications: WB, IHC-P, FACS (refer to on-page specifications for application-specific guidance).

Biological background

Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It binds and functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation and has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. Knockout studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of this cytokine.

Research relevance and current trends

• Comparative expression profiling across cell types, tissues, or perturbations (e.g., drug treatment, genetic editing, or differentiation).
• Subcellular localization and trafficking studies, including co-localization with pathway markers in microscopy-based assays.
• Integration of protein-level measurements with transcriptomics or proteomics to relate abundance to regulation and phenotype.

Common research applications

• Western blotting: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative/positive controls for interpretation.
• Immunohistochemistry: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative/positive controls for interpretation.
• Flow cytometry: researchers commonly compare relative signal levels across conditions and use appropriate negative/positive controls for interpretation.

Interpretation should account for antibody-dependent factors such as epitope accessibility, isoforms, and sample preparation differences across workflows.

Notes for experimental interpretation

• Isoforms and PTMs: many targets have multiple isoforms and post-translational modifications that can shift apparent signal or localization; interpret bands/signals accordingly.
• Epitope context: binding can depend on protein conformation and sample processing; region information in the title/immunogen can help anticipate what may be detected.
• Species differences: predicted or validated reactivity may vary by ortholog sequence and sample context; confirm in your model system.
• Control concepts: include negative controls (no-primary/isotype), and where possible genetic controls (KO/KD) or independent antibodies to strengthen conclusions.

Customization & Add-ons: Can’t find the antibody you need—or require a custom format for your assay? We can help you source the best match or support custom antibody solutions for diverse research needs, including species and isotype selection, conjugations and labeling (e.g., HRP/AP, biotin, fluorophores), purification grade options (Protein A/G, affinity purified), formulation preferences (buffer selection, carrier-free, glycerol-free), custom concentrations and aliquoting, low-endotoxin options for cell-based work, and application-focused QC/validation support (project dependent). Click Talk to a Scientist to submit a request, email us at support@biohippo.com, or explore our Research Services for additional support—our team will follow up with feasibility details and next steps.